The Tiguerones split into rival factions after their leader’s 2024 arrest.

The label reaches ordinary Esmeraldas residents through “support network” powers, not a command structure.

Terrorism designations target groups with named leaders, so labeling a fragmented gang expands sanctions past any real chain of command.

Ecuador designated the group two years before Washington’s own listing this month.

How each outlet framed it
InSight Crime
emphasizes group's fragmentation into competing cartels despite FTO designation, questioning cohesion

Sources: InSight Crime