SOUTHERN ASIA

India

New Delhi · pop. 1.4B · Hindi, English, Urdu, Tamil · Indian rupee

conflict

4 events · 10 killed · 8 civilians

Aug 25–31, the latest week from UCDP

Trajectories

economic complexity

#42

Climbing the complexity rankings, from #57 in 1995.

2024 · 0.70

Harvard Growth Lab · thin line is the world’s median

the numbers30

when	value	change
1995low	0.38
1996	0.39	+0.01 pts
1997	0.45	+0.06 pts
1998	0.47	+0.02 pts
1999	0.50	+0.02 pts
2000	0.56	+0.06 pts
2001	0.60	+0.04 pts
2002	0.57	−0.02 pts
2003	0.58	+0.01 pts
2004	0.56	−0.03 pts
2005	0.54	−0.02 pts
2006	0.55	+0.01 pts
2007	0.54	−0.01 pts
2008	0.51	−0.03 pts
2009	0.50	0 pts
2010	0.47	−0.03 pts
2011	0.48	+0.01 pts
2012	0.53	+0.05 pts
2013	0.57	+0.04 pts
2014	0.58	+0.01 pts
2015	0.62	+0.04 pts
2016	0.63	+0.01 pts
2017	0.63	0 pts
2018	0.68	+0.05 pts
2019	0.69	+0.01 pts
2020	0.68	0 pts
2021	0.69	0 pts
2022high	0.72	+0.03 pts
2023	0.71	−0.01 pts
2024latest	0.70	−0.01 pts

economic momentum

$2,695

Quadrupled since 2000. GDP per head in 2024, in current US dollars.

2024 · $2,695

World Bank · thin line is the world’s median

the numbers35

when	value	change
1990	$371
1991	$306	−17.7%
1992	$319	+4.5%
1993low	$303	−5.1%
1994	$348	+14.8%
1995	$375	+7.9%
1996	$401	+6.9%
1997	$416	+3.8%
1998	$414	−0.6%
1999	$442	+6.8%
2000	$443	+0.2%
2001	$450	+1.7%
2002	$469	+4.2%
2003	$544	+16.0%
2004	$624	+14.7%
2005	$710	+13.8%
2006	$802	+12.8%
2007	$1,022	+27.5%
2008	$993	−2.9%
2009	$1,095	+10.3%
2010	$1,348	+23.1%
2011	$1,445	+7.3%
2012	$1,429	−1.1%
2013	$1,433	+0.2%
2014	$1,554	+8.4%
2015	$1,584	+1.9%
2016	$1,708	+7.8%
2017	$1,950	+14.2%
2018	$1,966	+0.8%
2019	$2,041	+3.8%
2020	$1,907	−6.6%
2021	$2,240	+17.4%
2022	$2,347	+4.8%
2023	$2,530	+7.8%
2024latest	$2,695	+6.5%

prices

5.0%

A year’s rise in consumer prices, in 2024. The world’s median was 3.1%.

2024 · 5.0%

World Bank · thin line is the world’s median

the numbers35

when	value	change
1990	9.0%
1991high	13.9%	+4.90 pts
1992	11.8%	−2.08 pts
1993	6.3%	−5.46 pts
1994	10.2%	+3.92 pts
1995	10.2%	−0.02 pts
1996	9.0%	−1.25 pts
1997	7.2%	−1.81 pts
1998	13.2%	+6.07 pts
1999	4.7%	−8.56 pts
2000	4.0%	−0.66 pts
2001	3.8%	−0.23 pts
2002	4.3%	+0.52 pts
2003	3.8%	−0.49 pts
2004	3.8%	−0.04 pts
2005	4.2%	+0.48 pts
2006	5.8%	+1.55 pts
2007	6.4%	+0.58 pts
2008	8.3%	+1.98 pts
2009	10.9%	+2.53 pts
2010	12.0%	+1.11 pts
2011	8.9%	−3.08 pts
2012	9.5%	+0.57 pts
2013	10.0%	+0.54 pts
2014	6.7%	−3.35 pts
2015	4.9%	−1.76 pts
2016	4.9%	+0.04 pts
2017low	3.3%	−1.62 pts
2018	3.9%	+0.61 pts
2019	3.7%	−0.21 pts
2020	6.6%	+2.89 pts
2021	5.1%	−1.49 pts
2022	6.7%	+1.57 pts
2023	5.6%	−1.05 pts
2024latest	5.0%	−0.70 pts

demographic curve

2.0 children per woman

Near replacement (2.1): the population is stabilising. Fell from 4.8 in 1980.

2024 · 2.0

World Bank · thin line is the world’s median · rule marks replacement (2.1)

the numbers65

when	value	change
1960	5.9
1961	5.9	+0.3%
1962	6.0	+0.3%
1963	6.0	+0.3%
1964high	6.0	+0.2%
1965	5.9	−0.6%
1966	5.9	−1.0%
1967	5.8	−1.0%
1968	5.8	−1.1%
1969	5.7	−1.3%
1970	5.6	−1.1%
1971	5.6	−1.0%
1972	5.5	−1.5%
1973	5.4	−1.5%
1974	5.3	−1.4%
1975	5.2	−2.4%
1976	5.1	−1.3%
1977	5.0	−2.4%
1978	4.9	−2.4%
1979	4.8	−1.6%
1980	4.8	−0.7%
1981	4.7	−1.6%
1982	4.6	−1.7%
1983	4.6	−1.2%
1984	4.5	−1.1%
1985	4.4	−1.9%
1986	4.4	−0.7%
1987	4.3	−2.0%
1988	4.2	−2.1%
1989	4.1	−2.1%
1990	4.0	−2.1%
1991	4.0	−2.1%
1992	3.9	−2.1%
1993	3.8	−2.0%
1994	3.7	−2.0%
1995	3.7	−1.9%
1996	3.6	−1.9%
1997	3.5	−1.9%
1998	3.4	−1.9%
1999	3.4	−1.8%
2000	3.4	−1.0%
2001	3.3	−1.4%
2002	3.2	−2.6%
2003	3.1	−3.0%
2004	3.0	−2.4%
2005	3.0	−2.9%
2006	2.9	−3.1%
2007	2.8	−3.2%
2008	2.7	−2.3%
2009	2.7	−1.4%
2010	2.6	−2.8%
2011	2.5	−2.5%
2012	2.5	−2.4%
2013	2.4	−2.9%
2014	2.3	−4.4%
2015	2.3	−0.2%
2016	2.3	−0.2%
2017	2.2	−4.0%
2018	2.2	−0.4%
2019	2.1	−2.9%
2020	2.0	−3.4%
2021	2.0	−1.6%
2022	2.0	−1.0%
2023	2.0	−1.0%
2024latest	2.0	−0.7%

Metrics

population

1.4B

2 of 176

REST Countries · UN data
gdp

$3.6T

5 of 170

World Bank · latest available
gdp per capita

$2,530

124 of 170

World Bank · latest available
military spending

$82B

4 of 151

SIPRI via World Bank
military % of gdp

2.4%

36 of 148

SIPRI via World Bank
area

3.3M km²

8 of 176

REST Countries
population density

424 /km²

11 of 176

zuhd — derived from population and area
life expectancy

72.0 yr

105 of 175

World Bank · latest available
internet access

56%

121 of 166

ITU via World Bank
co₂ per capita

2.2 t

91 of 163

World Bank · Climate Watch
urbanisation

35%

143 of 168

World Bank · UN DESA
fertility rate

2.0

87 of 168

World Bank · UN DESA
foreign-born share

0.3%

153 of 167

World Bank · UN DESA
remittances % of gdp

3.5%

61 of 155

World Bank · IMF BOP
r&d % of gdp

0.6%

55 of 123

UNESCO UIS via World Bank
researchers per million

259

81 of 118

UNESCO UIS via World Bank
scientific articles / yr

207K

3 of 168

NSF / World Bank
high-tech exports %

19%

25 of 153

World Bank · UN Comtrade
gini inequality

25.5

4 of 139

World Bank · PovcalNet
youth unemployment

16%

103 of 166

ILO via World Bank
adult literacy

78%

72 of 109

UNESCO UIS via World Bank
democracy (v-dem)

0.26

95 of 163

V-Dem via Our World in Data
clean government

38

83 of 164

Transparency International via Our World in Data
press freedom

46.6

127 of 163

RSF via Our World in Data
human development

0.685

108 of 164

UNDP via Our World in Data
refugees hosted

237K

32 of 150

UNHCR via Our World in Data
refugees produced

39K

32 of 152

UNHCR via Our World in Data