EASTERN EUROPE

Russia

Moscow · pop. 146M · Russian · Russian ruble

conflict

6 events · 10 killed · 1 civilian

Aug 25–31, the latest week from UCDP

Trajectories

economic complexity

#67

Slipping in export sophistication, from #32 in 1995.

2024 · 0.24

Harvard Growth Lab · thin line is the world’s median

the numbers30

when	value	change
1995	0.77
1996	1.14	+0.37 pts
1997	1.09	−0.06 pts
1998	1.10	+0.02 pts
1999	1.14	+0.03 pts
2000	1.23	+0.09 pts
2001	1.17	−0.06 pts
2002high	1.25	+0.08 pts
2003	1.25	0 pts
2004	1.17	−0.08 pts
2005	1.11	−0.06 pts
2006	1.06	−0.05 pts
2007	1.01	−0.05 pts
2008	1.00	−0.01 pts
2009	1.01	+0.01 pts
2010	0.97	−0.04 pts
2011	1.03	+0.07 pts
2012	0.86	−0.18 pts
2013	0.82	−0.04 pts
2014	0.80	−0.03 pts
2015	0.77	−0.03 pts
2016	0.77	0 pts
2017	0.73	−0.04 pts
2018	0.70	−0.03 pts
2019	0.72	+0.02 pts
2020	0.75	+0.04 pts
2021	0.69	−0.07 pts
2022	0.42	−0.27 pts
2023low	0.24	−0.18 pts
2024latest	0.24	0 pts

economic momentum

$14.9K

Quadrupled since 2000. GDP per head in 2024, in current US dollars.

2024 · $14.9K

World Bank · thin line is the world’s median

the numbers35

when	value	change
1990	$3,494
1991	$3,490	−0.1%
1992	$3,099	−11.2%
1993	$2,931	−5.4%
1994	$2,662	−9.2%
1995	$2,666	+0.1%
1996	$2,644	−0.8%
1997	$2,738	+3.5%
1998	$1,835	−33.0%
1999low	$1,331	−27.5%
2000	$1,772	+33.1%
2001	$2,100	+18.6%
2002	$2,378	+13.2%
2003	$2,975	+25.1%
2004	$4,102	+37.9%
2005	$5,323	+29.8%
2006	$6,920	+30.0%
2007	$9,101	+31.5%
2008	$11.6K	+27.8%
2009	$8,563	−26.4%
2010	$10.7K	+24.7%
2011	$14.3K	+34.0%
2012	$15.4K	+7.7%
2013high	$15.9K	+3.5%
2014	$14.1K	−11.8%
2015	$9,278	−34.0%
2016	$8,663	−6.6%
2017	$10.7K	+23.0%
2018	$11.2K	+5.2%
2019	$11.4K	+2.1%
2020	$10.1K	−11.7%
2021	$12.4K	+22.9%
2022	$15.6K	+25.7%
2023	$14.2K	−9.3%
2024latest	$14.9K	+5.2%

prices

8.4%

A year’s rise in consumer prices, in 2024. The world’s median was 3.1%.

2024 · 8.4%

World Bank · thin line is the world’s median

the numbers32

when	value	change
1993high	874%
1994	308%	−567 pts
1995	197%	−110 pts
1996	47.8%	−150 pts
1997	14.8%	−33.0 pts
1998	27.7%	+12.9 pts
1999	85.7%	+58.1 pts
2000	20.8%	−64.9 pts
2001	21.5%	+0.68 pts
2002	15.8%	−5.69 pts
2003	13.7%	−2.13 pts
2004	10.9%	−2.77 pts
2005	12.7%	+1.80 pts
2006	9.7%	−3.02 pts
2007	9.0%	−0.66 pts
2008	14.1%	+5.10 pts
2009	11.6%	−2.46 pts
2010	6.8%	−4.80 pts
2011	8.4%	+1.59 pts
2012	5.1%	−3.37 pts
2013	6.8%	+1.68 pts
2014	7.8%	+1.07 pts
2015	15.5%	+7.71 pts
2016	7.0%	−8.49 pts
2017	3.7%	−3.36 pts
2018low	2.9%	−0.81 pts
2019	4.5%	+1.59 pts
2020	3.4%	−1.09 pts
2021	6.7%	+3.31 pts
2022	13.7%	+7.05 pts
2023	5.9%	−7.88 pts
2024latest	8.4%	+2.57 pts

demographic curve

1.4 children per woman

Far below replacement: rapid ageing ahead.

2024 · 1.4

World Bank · thin line is the world’s median · rule marks replacement (2.1)

the numbers65

when	value	change
1960high	2.5
1961	2.5	−2.8%
1962	2.4	−3.7%
1963	2.3	−3.8%
1964	2.2	−4.0%
1965	2.1	−2.3%
1966	2.1	−1.4%
1967	2.0	−2.9%
1968	2.0	−2.5%
1969	2.0	−1.0%
1970	2.0	+1.0%
1971	2.0	+2.0%
1972	2.0	+0.5%
1973	2.0	−1.5%
1974	2.0	−0.5%
1975	2.0	−1.0%
1976	2.0	−0.5%
1977	1.9	−1.0%
1978	1.9	−1.5%
1979	1.9	−1.0%
1980	1.9	−0.5%
1981	1.9	+1.1%
1982	2.0	+6.8%
1983	2.1	+3.4%
1984	2.1	−2.4%
1985	2.0	−0.5%
1986	2.1	+4.9%
1987	2.2	+3.3%
1988	2.1	−4.5%
1989	2.0	−5.2%
1990	1.9	−5.9%
1991	1.7	−8.5%
1992	1.6	−10.4%
1993	1.4	−10.8%
1994	1.4	+1.1%
1995	1.3	−4.5%
1996	1.3	−5.0%
1997	1.2	−4.1%
1998	1.2	+1.1%
1999low	1.2	−6.1%
2000	1.2	+3.3%
2001	1.2	+2.3%
2002	1.3	+5.2%
2003	1.3	+2.6%
2004	1.3	+1.9%
2005	1.3	−3.7%
2006	1.3	+0.9%
2007	1.4	+8.5%
2008	1.5	+6.1%
2009	1.5	+2.7%
2010	1.6	+1.6%
2011	1.6	+1.0%
2012	1.7	+6.9%
2013	1.7	+0.9%
2014	1.8	+2.5%
2015	1.8	+1.5%
2016	1.8	−0.8%
2017	1.6	−8.0%
2018	1.6	−2.6%
2019	1.5	−4.7%
2020	1.5	+0.1%
2021	1.5	0.0%
2022	1.4	−5.9%
2023	1.4	−0.4%
2024latest	1.4	+0.6%

Metrics

population

146M

9 of 176

REST Countries · UN data
gdp

$2.1T

11 of 170

World Bank · latest available
gdp per capita

$14,159

58 of 170

World Bank · latest available
military spending

$109B

3 of 151

SIPRI via World Bank
military % of gdp

5.4%

8 of 148

SIPRI via World Bank
area

17.1M km²

1 of 176

REST Countries
population density

8.5 /km²

160 of 176

zuhd — derived from population and area
life expectancy

73.3 yr

93 of 175

World Bank · latest available
internet access

92%

36 of 166

ITU via World Bank
co₂ per capita

14.0 t

10 of 163

World Bank · Climate Watch
urbanisation

75%

51 of 168

World Bank · UN DESA
fertility rate

1.4

143 of 168

World Bank · UN DESA
foreign-born share

5.3%

73 of 167

World Bank · UN DESA
remittances % of gdp

0.1%

145 of 155

World Bank · IMF BOP
r&d % of gdp

0.9%

40 of 123

UNESCO UIS via World Bank
researchers per million

2,639

33 of 118

UNESCO UIS via World Bank
scientific articles / yr

84K

8 of 168

NSF / World Bank
high-tech exports %

10%

54 of 153

World Bank · UN Comtrade
gini inequality

33.0

51 of 139

World Bank · PovcalNet
youth unemployment

8%

46 of 166

ILO via World Bank
adult literacy

100%

6 of 109

UNESCO UIS via World Bank
democracy (v-dem)

0.06

145 of 163

V-Dem via Our World in Data
clean government

22

142 of 164

Transparency International via Our World in Data
press freedom

48.7

135 of 163

RSF via Our World in Data
human development

0.832

54 of 164

UNDP via Our World in Data
refugees hosted

10K

90 of 150

UNHCR via Our World in Data
refugees produced

97K

25 of 152

UNHCR via Our World in Data