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EASTERN AFRICA

Somalia

SO

Mogadishu · pop. 20M · Arabic, Somali · Somali shilling

hunger

5.1 million people in crisis or worse

26% of the 19.4 million analysed · IPC, Aug 2026

conflict

2 events · 8 killed

Aug 25–31, the latest week from UCDP

Trajectories

economic momentum

$630

Up 63% since 2000. GDP per head in 2024, in current US dollars.

2024 · $630

World Bank · thin line is the world’s median

the numbers35

when	value	change
1990	$146
1991low	$105	−27.6%
1992	$109	+3.6%
1993	$189	+72.7%
1994	$211	+11.8%
1995	$211	−0.1%
1996	$237	+12.6%
1997	$280	+18.1%
1998	$363	+29.7%
1999	$359	−1.3%
2000	$386	+7.7%
2001	$245	−36.6%
2002	$230	−6.3%
2003	$286	+24.7%
2004	$375	+31.1%
2005	$440	+17.2%
2006	$458	+4.1%
2007	$480	+4.7%
2008	$507	+5.7%
2009	$247	−51.4%
2010	$219	−11.1%
2011	$235	+7.4%
2012	$350	+48.8%
2013	$393	+12.3%
2014	$429	+9.2%
2015	$446	+3.8%
2016	$461	+3.4%
2017	$511	+10.9%
2018	$509	−0.3%
2019	$540	+6.0%
2020	$518	−4.0%
2021	$549	+6.0%
2022	$573	+4.4%
2023	$597	+4.1%
2024latest	$630	+5.5%

demographic curve

6.0 children per woman

High fertility: the population is still expanding fast. Fell from 7.2 in 1980.

2024 · 6.0

World Bank · thin line is the world’s median · rule marks replacement (2.1)

the numbers65

when	value	change
1960	7.3
1961	7.3	0.0%
1962	7.3	0.0%
1963	7.3	0.0%
1964	7.3	0.0%
1965	7.3	0.0%
1966	7.3	−0.1%
1967	7.2	−0.1%
1968	7.2	−0.2%
1969	7.2	−0.3%
1970	7.2	−0.4%
1971	7.2	−0.4%
1972	7.1	−0.5%
1973	7.1	−0.4%
1974	7.1	−0.4%
1975	7.0	−0.3%
1976	7.0	−0.2%
1977	7.0	−0.2%
1978	7.1	+1.8%
1979	7.2	+0.4%
1980	7.2	+0.2%
1981	7.2	+0.7%
1982	7.3	+0.3%
1983	7.3	+0.3%
1984	7.3	+0.3%
1985	7.3	+0.4%
1986	7.3	+0.3%
1987	7.4	+0.3%
1988	7.4	+0.3%
1989	7.4	+0.4%
1990	7.4	+0.2%
1991	7.5	+0.4%
1992	7.5	+0.4%
1993	7.5	+0.3%
1994	7.5	+0.2%
1995	7.6	+0.5%
1996	7.6	+0.5%
1997high	7.7	+0.5%
1998	7.7	−0.1%
1999	7.7	0.0%
2000	7.6	−0.2%
2001	7.6	−0.1%
2002	7.6	−0.1%
2003	7.6	−0.3%
2004	7.6	−0.5%
2005	7.5	−0.5%
2006	7.5	−0.5%
2007	7.5	−0.4%
2008	7.4	−0.6%
2009	7.4	−0.5%
2010	7.3	−0.7%
2011	7.3	−0.7%
2012	7.2	−0.8%
2013	7.1	−1.0%
2014	7.1	−1.1%
2015	7.0	−1.2%
2016	6.9	−1.4%
2017	6.8	−1.6%
2018	6.7	−1.5%
2019	6.6	−1.5%
2020	6.5	−1.6%
2021	6.4	−1.5%
2022	6.3	−1.5%
2023	6.1	−2.0%
2024latest	6.0	−1.9%

Metrics

population

20M

65 of 176

REST Countries · UN data
gdp

$11B

146 of 170

World Bank · latest available
gdp per capita

$597

166 of 170

World Bank · latest available
military spending

$141M

128 of 151

SIPRI via World Bank
military % of gdp

1.3%

96 of 148

SIPRI via World Bank
area

638K km²

43 of 176

REST Countries
population density

31.3 /km²

125 of 176

zuhd — derived from population and area
life expectancy

58.8 yr

169 of 175

World Bank · latest available
internet access

28%

146 of 166

ITU via World Bank
co₂ per capita

0.05 t

163 of 163

World Bank · Climate Watch
urbanisation

55%

112 of 168

World Bank · UN DESA
fertility rate

6.0

4 of 168

World Bank · UN DESA
foreign-born share

0.4%

152 of 167

World Bank · UN DESA
scientific articles / yr

106

134 of 168

NSF / World Bank
youth unemployment

34%

154 of 166

ILO via World Bank
adult literacy

54%

97 of 109

UNESCO UIS via World Bank
democracy (v-dem)

0.13

117 of 163

V-Dem via Our World in Data
clean government

9

163 of 164

Transparency International via Our World in Data
press freedom

55.5

145 of 163

RSF via Our World in Data
human development

0.404

163 of 164

UNDP via Our World in Data
refugees hosted

20K

81 of 150

UNHCR via Our World in Data
refugees produced

894K

8 of 152

UNHCR via Our World in Data

Recent coverage · 2