Krakatau’s 1883 tsunami killed most of its 30,000 victims.

Earthquake-based tsunami warning systems largely miss volcanic tsunamis like the one that hit Tonga.

In 2022, Tonga’s Hunga volcano’s caldera floor collapsed a kilometer rapidly, displacing enough seawater to raise a 40-meter tsunami nearby.

But the paper stops short of proving the collapse alone caused the tsunami, calling it one of several factors.

Researchers are calling for repeat, high-resolution seafloor mapping of the 74 underwater volcanoes in the Tonga-Kermadec arc.

How each outlet framed it
Ars Technica
analyzes 2022 Hunga's 4km caldera collapse (1km subsidence) as tsunami amplification mechanism

Sources: Ars Technica